Pronoun Paradigms Database - Pronoun Paradigm Database
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Pronoun Paradigm: Ndyuka

Paradigm Details:

Language: (djk) Ndyuka.

Family:

System Type: None

Source: Huttar and Huttar (1994).

Comment: The language lacks special possessive pronouns, rather personal pronouns occur in the same pre- and post-nominal positions as full nouns and noun phrases indicating possession (Huttar and Huttar 1994:470). Note also that 'en' occurs as the 3sg pronoun in place of 'a' in cleft constructions, as complement of the copular and in emphatic contexts (Huttar and Huttar 1994:458-9). In addition, several regular phonological processes alter the form of many of the pronouns listed. The effects of these processes are described in the comments to each entry.

Pronoun Paradigm:

  A S O Poss.
1st (excl) Person Singular mi - mi - mi - mi -
1st (excl) Person Dual wi - wi - wi - wi -
1st (excl) Person Plural wi - wi - wi - wi -
1st (incl) Person Dual wi - wi - wi - wi -
1st (incl) Person Plural wi - wi - wi - wi -
2nd Person Singular ju - ju - ju - ju -
2nd Person Dual u - u - u - u -
2nd Person Plural u - u - u - u -
3rd Person Singular Gender 1 a a a a
3rd Person Singular Gender 2 a a a a
3rd Person Dual den - den - den - den -
3rd Person Plural den - den - den - den -