Family:
System Type: F
Source: Seidel (2008).
Comment: The forms listed below are given in the system of transcription used by Seidel (2008). In addition to the A, S, and O forms listed below, a paradigm of monosyllabic personal pronouns also exists, see Seidel (2008:168 ff) for these forms and attendant discussion. Also note, the possessive forms listed below are bound stems that index the person or, in the case of third person referents, the noun class of the possessor (Seidel 2008:163). These forms are obligatorily marked with an prefixal concord morpheme which indexes the noun class of the possessum (Seidel 2008:163). Related to this, note that the third person possessive forms listed below are in fact the possessive stems used for class 1 nouns (terms for humans) while the third person plural forms are the stems used for class 2 nouns (one of the plural associates of class 1). Finally, an additional paradigm of 'complex possessive' forms also exists, see Seidel (2008:166 ff) for discussion of the form and function of the elements of this paradigm.
A | S | O | Poss. | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1st (excl) Person Singular | yèmé | yèmé | yèmé | -nga |
1st (excl) Person Dual | yètshwé | yètshwé | yètshwé | -itu |
1st (excl) Person Plural | yètshwé | yètshwé | yètshwé | -itu |
1st (incl) Person Dual | yètshwé | yètshwé | yètshwé | -itu |
1st (incl) Person Plural | yètshwé | yètshwé | yètshwé | -itu |
2nd Person Singular | yèmé | yèmé | yèmé | -ye - |
2nd Person Dual | yènwé | yènwé | yènwé | -inu |
2nd Person Plural | yènwé | yènwé | yènwé | -inu |
3rd Person Singular Gender 1 | ye | ye | ye | -ke |
3rd Person Singular Gender 2 | ye | ye | ye | -ke |
3rd Person Dual | wòwó | wòwó | wòwó | -wo |
3rd Person Plural | wòwó | wòwó | wòwó | -wo |