Pronoun Paradigm: Dargwa (Icari Dialect)
Paradigm Details:
Language: (dar) Dargwa (Icari Dialect).
Family:
System Type: F
Source: Sumbatova and Mutalov (2003).
Comment: According to Sumbatova and Mutalov (2003:36-7) a range of five demonstrative pronouns are used in place of third person personal pronouns which are absent in the language. Only one representative of these, 'it' meaning 'that/those (of the side or undifferentiated)' (Sumbatova and Mutalov 2003:37), is listed below. All forms listed are also given in the system of transcription adopted by Sumbatova and Mutalov (2003:2-8).
Pronoun Paradigm:
| A | S | O | Poss. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st (excl) Person Singular | dul | du | du | dila |
| 1st (excl) Person Dual | nus̄̌al | nus̄̌a | nus̄̌a | nis̄̌ala |
| 1st (excl) Person Plural | nus̄̌al | nus̄̌a | nus̄̌a | nis̄̌ala |
| 1st (incl) Person Dual | nus̄̌al | nus̄̌a | nus̄̌a | nis̄̌ala |
| 1st (incl) Person Plural | nus̄̌al | nus̄̌a | nus̄̌a | nis̄̌ala |
| 2nd Person Singular | ul | u | u | ila |
| 2nd Person Dual | nus̄̌al | nus̄̌a | nus̄̌a | nis̄̌ala |
| 2nd Person Plural | nus̄̌al | nus̄̌a | nus̄̌a | nis̄̌ala |
| 3rd Person Singular Gender 1 | itil | it | it | itila |
| 3rd Person Singular Gender 2 | itil | it | it | itila |
| 3rd Person Dual | it̄alli | it̄i | it̄i | it̄alla |
| 3rd Person Plural | it̄alli | it̄i | it̄i | it̄alla |